Efficacy in Stuttering Treatment

  • Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists Clinical Guidelines, including a PDF of the 432 page book on all communication disorders. Pages 73-82 has "Guidelines for Stammering and Cluttering based on levels of evidence."
  • From the UCL Psychology Speech Group, a printable pdf file of Thomas, C., & Howell, P.. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 26, 1-23. Assessing efficacy of stuttering treatments, an online lecture with notes, an extensive bibliography, a chart comparision of 8 studies on efficacy
  • A short article on Research in Early Childhood Stuttering by Ehud Yairi
  • An extensive two-part annotated annotated bibliography with many articles containing the keyword "efficacy" part 1 and part 2

    The following bibliography of treatment efficacy for stuttering combines bibliographies from three resources,

    To provide additional help in researching these topics, hotlinks have been made to all the articles for which abstracts could be found in the MEDLINE database.

    To obtain full-text for JSLHR, AJSLP, LSHSS and the ASHA Leader,, go to ASHA web. Free to ASHA members.

    IFA members receive free full-text to Journal of Fluency Disorders (see http://www.theifa.org/).

    Anyone can suggest attitional appropriate articles on treatment efficacy for stuttering. Please include the appropriate links to the MEDLINE abstract and email the information to Judy Kuster

  • Andrews, G. (1984). The epidemiology of stuttering. In R. Curlee & W. Perkins (Eds.), Nature and treatment of stuttering (pp. 1-12). San Diego, CA: College Hill.
  • Andrews, G., & Dozsa, M. (1977). Haloperidol and the treatment of stuttering. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 2, 217-224.
  • Andrews, G., Craig, A., Feyer, A. M., Hoddinott, S., Howie, P., & Neilson, M. (1983). Stuttering: A review of research findings and theories circa 1982. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 48, 226-246.
  • Andrews, G., Guitar, B., & Howie, P. (1980). Meta-analysis of the effects of stuttering treatment. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 45, 287-307.
  • Ansel, B. M. (1993). Treatment efficacy research in stuttering. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 18(2-3), 121-123.
  • Asatiani NM, Kalacheva IO, Baranova MA. [Role of psychotherapy in the complex treatment of children who stutter] Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 1981;81(10):1544-7. Russian.
  • Baer, D. (1990). The critical issue in treatment efficacy is knowing why treatment was applied: A student's response to Roger Ingham. In L. Olswang (Ed.), Treatment efficacy research in communication disorders (pp. 31-39). Rockville, MD: American Speech-Language-Hearing Foundation.
  • Beitchman, J., Nair, R., Clegg, M., & Patel, P. (1986). Prevalence of speech and language disorders in 5-year-old kindergarten children in the Ottawa-Carleton region. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 51, 98-110.
  • Bernstein Ratner, N. (2005). Evidence-based practice in stuttering: Some questions to consider. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 30 (3), 163-188.
  • Bloch, E. L., & Goodstein, L. D. (1971). Functional speech disorders and personality: A decade of research. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 36, 295-314.
  • Blood, G. (1993). Treatment efficacy in adults who stutter: Review and recommendations Journal of Fluency Disorders, 18, 303-318.
  • Blood, G. (1995). POWER2: Relapse management with adolescents who stutter. Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools, 26, 169-179.
  • Blood GW.
  • A behavioral-cognitive therapy program for adults who stutter: computers and counseling. J Commun Disord. 1995 Jun;28(2):165-80.
  • Blood, G., & Conture, E. (in press). Fluency disorders. In C. Frattali (Ed.), Outcome measurement in speech-language pathology. New York: Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
  • Bloodstein, O. (1987). A handbook on stuttering (4th ed.). Chicago: National Easter Seal Society.
  • Bloodstein, O. (1995). A handbook on stuttering (5th ed.). San Diego: Singular Publishing Group, Inc.
  • Boehmler, R. (1958). Listener responses to non-fluencies. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1, 132-141.
  • Bothe, A. K. (2003). Evidence-based treatment of stuttering: V. The art of clinical practice and the future of clinical research. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 28 (3), 247-258.
  • Bothe, A.K. 2004 In: A.K. Bothe, Editor, Evidence-based treatment of stuttering: Empirical bases and clinical applications, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.
  • Bothe, A. K., Davidow, J. H., Bramlett, R. E., & Ingham, R. J. (2006). Stuttering treatment research 1970-2005: I. Systematic review incorporating trial quality assessment of behavioral, cognitive, and related approaches. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 15 321-341.
  • Brady, J. (1991). The pharmacology of stuttering: A critical review. American Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 1309-1316.
  • Brundage, S. B., Bothe, A. K., Lengeling, A. N., & Evans, J. J. (2006). Comparing judgments of stuttering made by students, clinicians, and highly experienced judges. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 31 (4), 271-283.
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  • Collins, C., & Blood, G. (1990). Acknowledgment and severity of stuttering as factors influencing nonstutterers' perceptions of occupational competence. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 55, 75-81.
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  • Conture, E. (1990b). Stuttering (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
  • Conture, E.G. (1996) Treatment efficacy: stuttering. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research 39(5), S18-26.
  • Conture, E., & Guitar, B. (1993). Evaluating efficacy of treatment of stuttering: School-age children. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 18, 253-287.
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  • Conture, EG (October 1996). Treatment Efficacy: Stuttering. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research 39 S18-S26.
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  • Cordes, A., Ingham, R., Frank, P., & Ingham, J. (1992). Time-interval analysis of interjudge and intrajudge agreement for stuttering event judgments. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 35, 483-494.
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  • Golper, L. C., Wertz, R. T., & Brown, K. E. (2006, April 11). Back to basics: Reading research literature. The ASHA Leader, 11 (5), 10-11, 28, 34-35.
  • Gottwald, S., & Starkweather, C. (1995). Fluency intervention for preschoolers and their families in the public schools. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 26, 117-126.
  • Howie, P., & Andrews, G. (1984). Treatment of adult stutterers: Managing fluency. In R. Curlee and W. Perkins (Eds.), Nature and treatment of stuttering (pp. 424-445). Austin, TX: Pro-Ed Publishers.
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  • Hurst, M., & Cooper, G. (1983). Employer attitudes towards stuttering. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 8, 1-12.
  • Ingham, J. C. (1993). Current status of stuttering and behavior modification‹I: Recent trends in the application of behavior modification in children and adults. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 18, 27-55.
  • Ingham, J. C. (2003). Evidence-based treatment of stuttering: I. Definition and application. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 28 (3), 197-207.

  • Ingham JC, Riley G. Guidelines for documentation of treatment efficacy for young children who stutter. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1998 Aug;41(4):753-70.
  • Ingham, R. (1982). The effects of self-evaluation training on maintenance and generalization during stuttering treatment. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 47, 271-280
  • Ingham, R. (1984). Stuttering and behavior therapy. San Diego: College-Hill Press.
  • Ingham, R. (1990). Research on stuttering treatment for adults and adolescents: A perspective on how to overcome a malaise. In J. Cooper (Ed.), Research needs in stuttering: Roadblocks and future directions (ASHA Reports 18, pp. 91-97). Rockville, MD: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.
  • Ingham, R. J. (1993). Stuttering treatment efficacy: Paradigm dependent or independent? Journal of Fluency Disorders, 18 (2-3), 133-149.
  • Ingham, R. J. (1997). Valid distinctions between findings obtained from single-subject and group studies of stuttering: Some reflections on Kalinowski et al. (1995). Journal of Fluency Disorders, 22 (1), 51-56.
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    updated June 5, 2008